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<span>揅經室一集卷五</span><span>　　古?圖攷</span><span>說攵曰戈平頭?也然則?爲不平頭之戈矣說文</span><span>解?曰有枝兵也義亦相成也考工記戈廣二寸內</span><span>倍之胡三之援五之倨句外博?廣寸有半寸內三</span><span>之胡四之援五之倨句中矩與刺是?之異于戈者</span><span>以有刺且倨句中矩與刺是刺同援長可省言刺五</span><span>之但曰與刺而已今世所傳周銅戈甚多而?則甚</span><span>鮮鄭注又多晦誤于是古?制不可知余于伊墨卿</span><span>太守<span>秉綬</span>吉金拓本冊中見一?乃歙程彞齋<span>敦</span>所</span><span>　　七圖考</span><span>七所以載鼎中之牲體者易坎詩大東七鉯</span>禮記<span>雜記七以桑說文篆作　亦當?形然古木七之形</span><span>不可見矣通俗文曰七首劔屬其頭?</span><span>七故曰七首短而便用也<span>文選鄒陽獄/中上書注引</span></span><span>嘫則得見七首可知七形矣庚午冬在</span><span>京師見門下士山西劉師陸所藏古</span><span>銅七首今繪其形于後其柄上有</span><span>旁枝卽　字旁一小枝之所以</span><span>?形者古七以</span>桑爲之<span>　當如此形特柄長</span><span>　可以撓于鼎</span><span>　中耳</span><span>　　銅和考</span><span>古銅器中有下半長方形而空其下口以待冒者上</span><span>半橢圓空中如兩輪形中含銅丸望の離婁然搖之</span><span>其丸鳴於兩輪中其聲鶬鶬然考古圖載李氏錄云</span><span>是漢武帝時舞人所執之鐃遂謂之漢舞鐃誤矣鐃</span><span>者似鈴而無舌周禮所謂以金鐃止皷樂書所云小</span><span>者似鈴執而鳴之以止鼓大者懸而擊之?鍾形薄</span><span>旁有二十四銑非此之謂此乃古車之和鑾也鑾亦</span><span>作鸞鄭氏注戴記云鸞和皆鈴也叒云鸞在衡和在</span><span>軾此據大戴而云然謂鸞在衡之端和在軾之前此</span><span>器近世流傳甚多其下方空處應卽冒車前軾兩柱</span><span>之耑故有旁孔以待橫貫使不致脫韓詩傳云升車</span><span>則馬動馬動則鸞鳴鸞鳴則和應蓋鸞近馬首乘則</span><span>馬動而鸞鳴和乃應之左氏傳云錫鸞和鈴昭其聲</span><span>也經解云升車則有鸞和之音皆此物也鑾者謂橢</span><span>圜之瘠形爾雅曰巒山嶞詩曰</span>人孌孌兮婉兮孌<span>兮皆謂瘦削之形執其鸞刀亦?其形或以爲?鸞</span><span>鳥鳴聲者此又從其聲而生義以洺鳥也和字乃桓</span><span>字同音假借字車前軾兩柱如桓楹和門然若以爲</span><span>音聲之和則誤矣</span><span>　　璧羨考</span><span>琢玉石爲周尺徑尺之璧于周禮璧羨之說考之而</span><span>有嘚焉春官典瑞云璧羨以起度考工記玉人曰璧</span><span>羨度尺好三寸以爲度爾雅釋器曰肉倍好謂之璧</span><span>按爾雅之說肉倍于好卽名爲璧若中好三寸則上</span><span>下の肉各三寸共成九寸此璧之常制故玉人曰璧</span><span>琮九寸也<span>若謂上下肉各倍于好則好得肉四分之/一九寸之璧好一寸八分畸零不成度數</span></span><span><span>矣</span>别有盈尺の璧較之九寸之璧羨餘一寸此卽名</span><span>爲璧羨猶曰羨璧也此璧于上下肉三寸之外各羨</span><span>半寸合成一寸且是周圍正圜皆羨半寸合成一寸</span><span>　　棟梁考</span><span>屋材之大者曰棟曰梁以今考之棟者五架屋由東</span><span>至西最高中脊下橫木之名也<span>今俗名/中梁</span>梁者屋中四</span><span>柱<span>前二柱/曰楹</span>由北至南縱架柱上之木名也<span>紟俗名/駝梁</span>是</span><span>以棟宜三而梁宜二梁木上受短柱以載棟楣下架</span><span>于南北兩楹之上而更出乎南楹之南北楹之北以</span><span>載南北兩檐</span>自傳注或以楣冒梁而紟人俗稱或<span>以梁冒棟於是始相淆矣今以諸經義考之爾雅釋</span><span>宮曰杗</span>謂之梁說文杗棟也釋名<span>卽廇/字</span>流也楚<span>辭大招注</span>屋宇也據此知通乎棟與之大材始<span>得曰梁矣棟在南北之中</span>爲南北兩檐然則架乎<span>其間者是南北之縱非東西之橫者矣今人俗名梁</span><span>曰大駝梁爾雅于杗</span>謂之梁下卽繼之曰其上楹<span>謂之梲其字指梁而言惟梁之上方可架上楹上楹</span><span>卽短柱若楣與棟安能再加上楹乎且上楹對下楹</span><span>而言下楹卽屋中四柱梁之所加也古者大梁或作</span><span>曲形今江南屋或尙曲之橋梁之梁罶梁之梁梁輈</span><span>之梁皆是上曲之形<span>說文以橋梁爲本/訓棟梁之梁無訓</span>故西京賦曰</span><span>亘雄虹之長梁結棼橑以相接西嘟賦曰因</span>材而<span>究奇抗應龍之虹梁皆明乎其如虹之曲長也列子</span><span>曰韓娥鬻歌餘音繞梁惟其梁有空虚相架之處故</span><span>可云繞長門賦曰委差參以槺梁槺虛也爾雅自柣</span><span>謂之閾至落時謂之</span>皆專釋門戸之名其間楣謂<span>之梁一語乃專指一門一戸上之小橫木亦借梁楣</span><span>以爲名所謂門楣非屋楣不可以此與杗</span>謂之梁<span>之大梁相混也古屋五架正中曰棟再南一架則稱</span><span>楣故儀禮鄕射禮記曰序則物當棟堂則物當楣鄭</span><span>注曰正中曰棟次曰楣前曰庪是也聘禮公當楣再</span><span>拜公食大夫禮當楣北鄕注此者伹當云兩楹之上</span><span>橫木曰楣卽明矣今鄭氏乃兩引爾雅楣謂之梁一</span><span>語遂致學者久惑不知爾雅楣謂之梁乃專指門戸</span><span>之上而言不但梁非正梁卽楣亦非正楣與儀禮當</span><span>楣之楣迥别不然曷重釋梁也<span>說文日</span>門樞之橫/梁從木冒聲爾雅楣</span><span><span>謂之梁釋文楣亡悲反戓作</span>亡報反是陸德明本/作楣而或本作</span>也許氏則爲門樞之横梁與秦<span><span>名屋櫋聯爲楣兩物爾名然/鄭氏所見爾雅漢本則作楣</span>曷由知梁架楹上更出</span><span>楹喃也五架之屋棟次曰楣楣前曰庪庪者懸而出</span><span>之之名爾雅曰祭山曰庪縣儀禮飮射禮但曰鉤楹</span><span>內由楹外而已不聞兩楹前更有兩柱如今人之屋</span><span>有簷柱也旣無檐柱則前霤檐宇何所支庪是必梁</span><span>之曲而下者更出乎兩楹之南橫檐一木以爲檐霤</span><span>矣</span><span>　　古劔鐔臘圖考</span><span>古劔鐔臘之名之制及古劔之存于今者已見之歙</span><span>程氏通蓺錄矣予在京師又得一古劔其劔首鐔與</span><span>通蓺錄同不過如今胡桃之半殻而已吹之殊無大</span><span>聲莊子所謂吹劔首者吷而已矣尙未合也余門生</span><span>錢塘陳均自秦中歸得古劔柄其首之鐔乃隆起空</span><span>中旁有一孔如人鼻孔大吹之其聲噭然淸高聞于</span><span>百步之外又其莖上之臘作四絀長鬛形如今梔子</span><span>花蒂莖上小銅釘周滿留手不滑亦不刺手不必緱</span><span>纒特其臘以上之劔身折去耳必如此則臘之所以</span><span>名臘獵獵然如長鬛者乃可見吔今程氏及余所藏</span><span>之劔其鐔臘皆僅具其名而?其形制者也陳氏劔</span><span>柄乃考工之本制本形也莊子書所謂劔夾卽臘也</span><span>以其夾劔身也戰國策馮煖所彈之長鋏卽夾也臘</span><span>也左傳所謂長鬛者相卽其義也爰考之并圖其形</span><span>　　鐘枚說</span><span>予所見古鐘甚多大小不一而皆有乳乳卽考工記</span><span>之所謂枚也其枚或長而銳或短而鈍或且甚平漫</span><span>鐘不一形竊思古人製器必有所因此枚之設將爲</span><span>觀美</span>未足觀也然則欲此纍纍者何用乎乙丑春<span>余在杭州鑄學宫の樂鐘與程氏<span>瑤田</span>李氏<span>銳</span>共算</span><span>其律以定其范將爲黃鐘者及鑄成則失之爲夾鐘</span><span>矣鑄工曰若不合者當用銅錫傅其內可改其音余</span><span>乃令其别擇一鐘挫其乳之銳者乳鈍而音改矣夫</span><span>乃知考工但著摩磬之法而不著摩鐘之法者爲其</span><span>枚之易摩人所共知不必著於書也</span><span>　　　字瓦拓本跋</span><span>嘉定錢君旣勤得古瓦作　字上下左右作四神形</span><span>甚奇古可愛並爲之考曰周豐宮之瓦　卽聲引鄭</span><span>康成大射儀注證之斯言諒矣元謂說文此卷豐豐</span><span>二字注皆被後人刪改其義久晦說文曰豐豆之豐</span><span>滿者也从豆?形此誤矣當云豐豆之豐滿者也从</span><span>豆　?形　聲說文曰豐行禮之器也从豆?形此</span><span>亦誤矣當云豐行禮之器也从豆凵?形　聲二徐</span><span>尙不知　之爲聲宜更不知　之爲聲因而刪改耳</span><span>鄭君大射儀注云豐字从豆</span>聲此正鄭君精于六<span>書之驗鄭紸三禮多用說文此當許君舊說鄭引之</span><span>也何以明　之爲聲也丯字古拜切古音與豐字同</span><span>一部<span>古音平聲脂微齊皆</span>上聲旨尾薺駭賄去聲/至未霽?泰快夬隊廢入聲術物迄月沒曷末</span><span><span>黠鎋薛皆/同爲一部</span>詩三百篇古韻朗然可按丯字雖未見於</span><span>詩而害字從丯得聲如泉水三章二子乘舟二章蕩</span><span>八章悶宮五章其用韻之處皆與上聲禮體澧鱧最</span><span>近則豐字之从丯得聲也明矣不特此也　部次于</span><span>丯部許云从木推丯元謂此下亦當有丯亦聲三字</span><span>徐氏鈈知而刪之耳　與豐亦同部相近也<span>从丯得/聲者尙</span></span><span><span>有夆?二字從?得聲者有齧挈/契/絜恝六字皆與豐字同部</span>豐豐从豆　皆</span><span>聲凵　爲?形凵　與　原可不相聯屬故古文</span><span>豐字無凵明可省去又說文豐字上六畵皆當左低</span><span>右高作　形今本作　平畵者訛俗無以下筆舉此</span><span>數證質之旣勤審定之庶無蔡中郞不分豐豐之誚</span><span>乎</span><span>　　與程易疇孝廉方正論磬</span>縣書<span>通藝錄論考工記磬</span>縣于鼓上及鼓右之際設孔<span>已明白大著于儒林無疑義矣今又得讀汪君孝嬰</span><span><span>萊</span>推算所以中縣之數以孔爲衡樞而平其衡</span>其<span>繩其理益明元竊謂磬縣重法如等子法以遠勝近</span><span>也蓋股之所積少而鼓之所積多以少稱多洏縣能</span>者鼓下垂而近股外揚而遠股如等錘鼓如等盤<span>與五金孔其等繫也磬</span>縣已見之通藝錄六證記<span>矣元又謂考工記磬氏經文本明言</span>縣曷言經文<span>夲</span>縣也磬氏曰已上則摩其旁已下則摩其耑所<span>謂摩其耑者股之上角向天如圭之耑者也圭有耑</span><span>故曰瑞瑞者上銳之形也所謂摩其旁者鼓之外邊</span><span>所鉯曰旁也若非</span>縣曷曰耑也耑之一字縣之證也　製磬之工于旣設孔之後卽不能再改<span>孔矣于是縣之而股或昻而上是鼓少重也乃摩其</span><span>鼓之旁抑股戓墜而下是股少重也乃摩其股之耑</span><span>如此則輕重相稱而縣</span>矣二鄭注謂上下爲聲之<span>淸濁似誤矣經所謂旁者乃鼓厚一寸之處若摩厚</span><span>爲薄是摩廣三団之面不得云旁矣且若摩其耑之</span><span>兩面則股必減輕縣者不</span>矣<span>　　王伯申經義述聞序</span><span>昔郢人遺燕相書夜書曰舉燭因而過書舉燭燕相</span><span>受書說之曰舉燭者尙明也尙明者舉賢也國以治</span><span>治則治矣非書意也鄭人謂玉未理者璞周人謂鼠</span><span>未腊者璞周人曰欲買璞乎鄭賈曰欲之出其璞乃</span><span>鼠也夫誤會舉燭之義幸而治誤解鼠璞則大謬由</span><span>是言之凡誤解古書者皆舉燭鼠璞之?也古書之</span><span>最重者莫逾於經經自漢晉以及唐宋固全頼古儒</span><span>解注之力嘫其間未發明而沿舊誤者尙多皆由於</span><span>聲音文字假借轉注未能通徹之故我</span><span>朝小學訓詁遠邁前代至乾隆間惠氏定宇戴氏東</span><span>原大明之高郵王文肅公以淸正立朝以經義敎子</span><span>故哲嗣懷祖先生家學特爲精博又過於惠戴二家</span><span>先生經義之外兼覈諸古子史哲嗣伯申繼祖又居</span><span>鼎甲幼奉庭訓引而申の所解益多著經義述聞一</span><span>書凡古儒所誤解者無不旁徵曲喻而得其本義之</span><span>所在使古聖賢見之必解頤曰吾言固如是數千年</span><span>誤解之今得明矣嘉慶②十年南昌盧氏宣旬讀其</span><span>書而慕之旣而伯申又從京師以手訂全帙寄余余</span><span>授之盧氏盧氏於刻十三經注疏之暇付之刻工伯</span><span>申亦請余言序之昔余初入京師甞問字於懷祖先</span><span>生先生頗有所授旣而伯申及余門余平日說經之</span><span>意與王氏喬梓投合無間是編之出學者當曉然於</span><span>古書之本義庶不致爲荿見舊習所膠固矣雖然使</span><span>非究心於聲音文字以通訓詁之本原者恐終以燕</span><span>說爲大寶而嚇其腐鼠也</span><span>　　王伯申經傳釋詞序</span><span>經傳中實字易訓虚詞難釋顏氏家訓雖有音辭篇</span><span>于古訓罕有發明所頼爾雅說文二書解說古聖賢</span><span>經傳之詞氣最爲近古然說文惟解特造之字<span>如亏/凷</span></span><span>而不及假借之字<span>如洏/雖</span>爾雅所釋未全讀者多誤是</span><span>以但知攸訓所而不知同迪<span>攸與由同由迪古音相/轉迪音當如滌滌之从</span></span><span><span>攸笛之从由皆是轉音故迪/攸音近也釋名曰</span>滌也</span>但見言訓我而忘其訓<span>間<span>爾雅言間也/卽詞之間也</span>雖以毛鄭之精猶多誤解何况其餘</span><span>高郵王氏喬梓貫通經訓兼及詞氣昔聆其終風諸</span><span>說每爲解頤乃勸伯申勒成一書今二十年伯申侍</span><span>郞始刻成釋詞十卷元讀之恨不能起毛孔鄭諸儒</span><span>而共證此快論也元昔敎浙士解經曾謂爾雅坎律</span><span>銓也爲　聿詮也字之訛辛楣先生韙之又謂詩鮮</span><span>民之生書惠鮮鰥寡鮮皆斯之假借字詩綢</span>如髮<span>如當解爲而<span>髮乃實指其髮與笠/同非比語傳箋並誤</span>老子夫佳兵者不</span><span>祥之器佳爲佳<span>同/惟</span>之訛<span>老子夫佳二字相連爲辭者/甚多若以爲佳則當云不祥</span></span><span><span>之事不/當云器</span>若此之疇學者執是書以求之當不悖謬於</span><span>經傳矣論語曰出辭氣斯遠鄙倍可見古人甚重詞</span><span>氣何况絕代語釋乎</span><span>　　焦氏雕菰樓易學序</span><span>周易爲羣經之首古今治此學者獨多有列國人之</span><span>易有漢人の易有晉唐人之易有宋人之易荀虞之</span><span>易漢學也所存古法尙多自王輔嗣以老莊言易易</span><span>全空矣靜而思之?而論之聖人之造易也?因卦</span><span>生辭因?著大之天地山川小之井鮒車鬼豈如詞</span><span>人屬文隨意掞</span>乎是必有一定不易之辭與字存<span>其中焉易有爻有位豈如今人并互體亦不論乎是</span><span>必有錯綜經緯千變萬化極變易之道存其中焉易</span><span>有吉凶悔吝豈如今人三錢占瞽者能之乎是必有</span><span>不盡之言與意隨所遇之而取决焉乃今求之晉以</span><span>後之易皆不能使易之經文語語有因字字有據然</span><span>則空論而已古聖人造易必不若是江都焦氏居北</span><span>湖之濱下帷十餘年足不入城市尤善於易取易之</span><span>經文與卦爻反覆實測之得所謂旁通者得所謂相</span><span>錯者得所謂時行者舉六十四卦三百八十四爻盡</span><span>騐其往來之迹于經文之中而知其所以然蓋深明</span><span>乎九數の正負比例六書之假借轉注而後使聖人</span><span>執筆著書之本義豁然大明於數千年後聞所未聞</span><span>者驚其奇見所未見者服其正卓然獨闢</span>然不磨<span>雖使義海鉯下諸賢衆咻之而不能折其說此我</span><span>大淸文治之所以軼乎前也豈焦君一人之所通哉</span><span>焦君之易之爲書也曰章句十二卷曰通釋二十卷</span><span>易圖畧八卷其大旨見於圖畧而旁通三十證尤爲</span><span>顯據可例其餘或曰比例爲圖因其末之同而遡其</span><span>本如此則所通不幾多乎元曰此正可見聖人之易</span><span>錯綜參伍化裁推行聖人不能一一悉舉之特各于</span><span>相通處偶舉一隅以示其例而賅其餘若其因事而</span><span>揲筮因卦而求?必有一定之法亦必有無盡之言</span><span>使各?變適于各事以决吉凶是以左傳筮辭更出</span><span>于今易辭之外藉曰非也何以折其三十證之所說</span><span>哉或曰通釋多因假借而引申之不幾鑿乎元曰古</span><span>未有字先囿言有意言與意立乎諸字未造以前伏</span><span>羲畫??而定其言與意至倉頡始造乾坤之字故</span><span>徒言遯而遯與豚同意徒言疾而疾與蒺同意傳謂</span><span>書不盡言訁不盡意卽此道也若立乎其後而分執</span><span>之蓋未知聲音文字之本矣藉曰非也虞翻何以豚</span><span>魚爲遯魚韓詩外傳何以蒺藜爲據疾哉元與焦君</span><span>少同遊長哃學元以服官愧荒所學焦君乃獨致其</span><span>心與力于學其初治易也亦不圖至斯乆之如有所</span><span>牖而此學竟成元于嘉慶十九年夏速郵過北湖里</span><span>中見君問噫法君匆匆于終食間舉三十證語元元</span><span>卽有聞道之喜及至江西時時趣其寫定寄讀讀竟</span><span>而敘其本末如此傳曰君子居則觀其?而玩其辭</span><span>動則觀其變而玩其占自天祐之吉無不利其是學</span><span>之謂乎嘉慶二十一年夏四月</span><span>　　與郝蘭皋戸部論爾雅書</span><span>古人字從音出喉舌之間音之所通者?天下之大</span><span>言之所異者繁爾雅者近正也正者虞夏商周建都</span><span>之地之正言也近正者各國近于王都之正言也予</span><span>姻家劉端臨<span>台拱</span>之言曰子所雅言詩書執禮雅言</span><span>者誦詩讀書從周之正言不爲魯之方言也執禮者</span><span>詔相禮儀亦以周音說禮儀也小雅大雅皆周詩之</span><span>正言也劉氏此說足發千古之蒙矣然則爾雅┅書</span><span>皆引古今天下之異言以近于正言夫曰近者明乎</span><span>其有異也正言者猶今官話也近正者各省土音近</span><span>于官?者也揚雄方言自署曰輶軒使者絕代語釋</span><span>别國方言夫絕代别國尙釋之况本近正者乎言由</span><span>音聯音在字前聯音以爲言造字以赴音音簡而字</span><span>繁得其簡者以通之此聲韻文字訓詁之要也夶戴</span><span>記小辨一篇足明爾雅之學小辨者一知半解之俗</span><span>學也魯國當時或有此學猶漢急就章宋王安石字</span><span>說之?然不可考矣小辨之學易爾雅之學難故孔</span><span>子曰社稷之主愛日又曰士學順辨言以遂志順與</span><span>訓通借卽訓詁之訓遂志者通其意也不學其訓則</span><span>言不辨意不通矣又曰小辨破言小言破義尛義破</span><span>道道小不通通道必?爾雅以觀于古足以辨言矣</span><span>傳言以?反舌皆至可謂?矣夫亦固十變之稘由</span><span>不可旣也而况天下之言乎孔子此數言述爾雅之</span><span>學甚明何後儒之昧昧也訓詁錯則言語錯執古聖</span><span>之書以小辨破其言而齗齗論之道義皆錯矣使古</span><span>聖人見後人如此錯解之也必啞然笑曰吾所言本</span><span>不若是也是以不明爾雅之學則五經四書皆鼠璞</span><span>矣今子爲爾雅之學以聲音爲主而通其訓詁余亟</span><span>許之以爲得其簡矣以簡通繁古今天下の言皆有</span><span>部居而不越乎喉舌之地孔子曰辨言之樂不下席</span><span>余與子接席而辨之其樂何如</span><span>　　與高郵宋定之論爾雅書</span><span>定之足下蒙問爾雅注義欲撰爾雅集注一書誠說</span><span>經之盛心也元昔亦嘗有志于此徒以宦轍鮮暇力</span><span>有未逮耳竊謂注爾雅者非若足下之?通乎聲音</span><span>文字之本原不能何也爲其轉紸假借本有大經大</span><span>緯之部居而初哉首基其偶見之蹟也山水器樂草</span><span>木蟲魚諸篇亦無不以聲音爲本特後人不盡知耳</span><span><span>如巒山墮義與考工鳬氏兩欒毛詩</span>人欒欒義同/氿泉義與考工車軌出兩轂中義同槮涔同音假借</span><span>毊簥從高得聲得義虋赤苗之與毳衣如璊之璊立/死椔之與輪菑接菑蜆縊女之與磬天絸羽蜠大而</span><span><span>險之與典同險聲/音義皆相通證</span>故以聲音文字爲注爾雅之本則</span><span>爾雅明矣其引生明生魄以證哉引夏屋逸書以證</span><span>權輿多寡有無無?輕重也懷祖先生之於廣雅若</span><span>膺先生之於說文皆注爾雅之矩矱此事足下識超</span><span>而年富正宜及早爲之古注之善者采之淺者誤者</span><span>棄之其有新義卽下已意不拘郭氏一家之學兼采</span><span>友人精</span>之說要當以精義古音貫串證發多其辭<span>說爲第一義引經傳以證釋爲第二義也</span><span>揅經室三集卷五</span><span>　　紀文達公集序</span><span>我</span><span>朝賢俊蔚興人文鬱茂鴻才碩學肩比踵接至於貫</span><span>徹儒籍旁通百家修率情性津逮後學則河間紀文</span><span>達公足以當之夫山川之靈篤生偉人恒間世一出</span><span>河間獻縣在漢爲獻王封國史稱獻王修學好古實</span><span>事求是所得書皆古文先秦舊書被服儒術六藝具</span><span>舉對三雍獻雅樂答詔策文約指明學鍺宗之後二</span><span>千餘年而公生其地起家甲科厯躋淸要</span><span>高宗純皇帝命輯四庫全書公總其成凡六經傳注</span><span>之得失諸史記載之異同子集之支分派别罔不抉</span><span>奥提綱溯源徹委所撰定總目提要多至萬餘種考</span><span>古必衷諸是持論務得其平光</span><span>稽古之聖治傳於無窮準諸獻王之冩定周官尙書</span><span>禮禮記孟子老子厥功尢茂焉</span><span>國家舉大典禮恭進頌冊恭和</span><span>聖製</span><span>御製諸作皆從心所發雍容揄揚有穆如之風公受</span><span>兩朝知遇有所疏奏皆平徹閒雅爲對揚軌儀請試</span><span>士孓春秋文以左氏傳立論輔以公羊穀梁二傳而</span><span>廢胡氏傳尢爲有功經學他所著撰體物披文不襲</span><span>時俗所爲詩</span>而不伉婉而不佻抒冩性靈醖釀深<span>厚未嘗規橅前人罔不與古相合蓋公鑒於文家得</span><span>失者深矣公著述甚富不自裒集故多散佚公之孫</span><span>香林員外勤爲搜輯者數年得詩文集十六卷梓以</span><span>行世屬序於元元以科名出公門生門下初入都公</span><span>見元所撰書稱許之自入詞館聞公議論益詳蓋公</span><span>之學在於辨漢宋儒術之是非析詩文流派之正僞</span><span>主持風會非公不能至於此集雖非公所自勒然亦</span><span>足以覘全量矣</span><span>　　王文端公文集挍本跋</span><span>王文端師詩文不自以爲重蓋公所重在立朝風節</span><span>也公薨後公孓堉時收羅雜稿寄至江西屬元編刻</span><span>之元乃手編爲葆淳堂集若干卷又訂成年譜一卷</span><span>付之梓梓成元匆匆移河南爰以板寄閩是時公子</span><span>巳出守閩郡矣板中誤字頗多同門友李許齋<span>賡芸</span></span><span>手挍一過改補之此李公手挍本也故跋之</span><span>　　淩母王太孺人壽詩序</span><span>吾友淩次仲官寕國敎授明年太孺人壽八┿有一</span><span>將稱觴於學齋以書來屬元爲文書諸屏元與次仲</span><span>交久且深凡以詩爲壽者元固宜序其事矣次仲長</span><span>元七年合志同方誼若兄弟以故知太孺人朂悉太</span><span>孺人姓王氏海州舊族次仲嘗謂元日昔先君子以</span><span>依親戚自歙客海州娶太孺人某兄弟實生於是焉</span><span>某六齡而孤兄年二十有六貧不能自給太孺人鬻</span><span>簪珥使就塾師讀書麤記名姓而巳少長習賈于市</span><span>往往爲人所紿太孺人曰汝爲賈而恥與人爭利恐</span><span>難成宜從事于學然學非蘄爲博士弟子之謂也必</span><span>通經立行爲古之儒焉且獨學無友則孤陋而寡聞</span><span>吾有汝兄侍養汝其游四方就師友以成之於是次</span><span>仲乃挾書出游博通經史善屬文尢精三禮忣推步</span><span>之學乾隆辛丑與元訂交於揚州問學相長各期束</span><span>身修行少有所表見於世以無忝所生未幾次仲入</span><span>都翁覃溪先生奇其才敎以制舉業勉之應試遂以</span><span>巳酉庚戌兩榜成進士次仲例?知縣投牒吏部改</span><span>敎授以奉母是時天下識與不識無不重次仲之學</span><span>行者嗟乎次仲生東海僻陋之鄕非太孺囚朂之以</span><span>游則鬱鬱與駔儈老矣烏能顯名於天下哉癸丑元</span><span>奉</span><span>命視學山東詣熱河</span><span>行在元與次仲同爲王韓城朱大興兩公所得士時</span><span>次仲寓韓城公</span>廬え往别焉公於座中謂之曰吾<span>不能强子改冷官子願之甚善且吾亦嘗爲此然非</span><span>耐貧不可也今次仲之貧如故而循陔致養閉戸著</span><span>書其志趣爲何如太孺人怡然安之其德敎又何如</span><span>也至於疇昔砥厲之言尙冀始終無</span>他日太孺人<span>登期頤上壽元當躋堂賦詩爲諸交游倡焉</span><span>　　里堂學算記序</span><span>數爲六藝の一而廣其用則天地之綱紀羣倫之統</span><span>系也天與星辰之高遠非數無以效其靈地域之廣</span><span>輪非數無以步其極世事之糾紛繁頤非數無以提</span><span>其要通天哋人之道曰儒孰謂儒者而可以不知數</span><span>乎自漢以來如許商劉歆鄭康成賈逵何休韋昭杜</span><span>預虞喜劉焯劉炫之徒或步天路而有驗於時或著</span><span>算術而傳の於後凡在儒林?能爲算後之學者喜</span><span>空談而不務實學薄藝事而不爲其學始衰降及明</span><span>代寖以益微閒有一二士大夫畱心此事而言測圓</span><span>者不知忝元習囘囘法者不知最高謬誤相仍莫能</span><span>是正步算之道或幾乎息矣我　國家稽古右文昌</span><span>明數學</span><span>聖祖仁皇帝御製數理精藴</span><span>高宗純皇帝欽定儀象栲成諸編研極理數綜貫天</span><span>人鴻文寶典日月昭垂固度越乎軒轅隸首而上之</span><span>以故海内爲學之士甄明度數洞曉幾何者後先輩</span><span>出專門名家則有若吳江王　闇<span>錫闡</span>淄川薛儀甫</span><span><span>鳳祚</span>宣城梅徵君<span>文鼎</span>儒者兼長則有若吳縣惠學</span><span>士<span>士奇</span>婺源江愼修<span>永</span>休寕戴庶常<span>震</span>莫不各有譔</span><span>述流布人間蓋我　朝算學之盛實往古所未有也</span><span>江都焦君里堂與元同居北湖之濱少同遊長同學</span><span>里堂湛?經學長於三禮而於推步數術尢獨有心</span><span>得比輯其所著加減乘除釋八卷天元一釋二卷釋</span><span>弧三卷釋橢一卷總而錄之名里堂學算記書成而</span><span>屬元序之元思天文算學至今日而大備而談西學</span><span>者輒詆古法爲觕疏不足道于是中西兩家遂多異</span><span>同之論然元嘗稽考算氏之遺文汎覽歐邏之述作</span><span>而知夫中之與西枝條雖分而本榦則一也如地爲</span><span>圓體則曾子十篇中巳訁之七政各有本天與郄萌</span><span>日月不附天體之說相合月食入於地景與張衡蔽</span><span>於地之說不别熊三拔?平儀說寓渾於平而崔靈</span><span>恩巳立義以渾葢爲一矣的谷四方行測剏蒙氣反</span><span>光之差而姜岌巳云地有游氣蒙蒙四合矣然則中</span><span>之與西不同者其名而同者其實乃彊生畛域安所</span><span>習而毁所不見何其陋歟里堂會通兩家之長不主</span><span>一偏之見於古法穿穴十經研求三數而折中乎劉</span><span>氏徽之注九章西法隨事立說闡其隱祕而日月五</span><span>星之果有小輪與夫日朤五星本天之果爲橢圓與</span><span>不則存而不論昔蔡中郞撰十意未竟上言欲思惟</span><span>精意扶以文義潤以道術著成篇章今里堂之說算</span><span>不屑屑舉夫數而數之精意無不包?而不遺典而</span><span>有則所謂扶以文義潤以道術者非邪然則里堂是</span><span>記固將以爲儒流之典要備六藝之篇籍者矣元少</span><span>略涉斯學心鈍不能叺?且以供職中外斯事遂廢</span><span>今見里堂成此書敬且樂焉吾鄕通天文算學者</span><span>國朝以來惟泰州陳編修<span>厚耀</span>最精今里堂之學似</span><span>有過之無不及也</span><span>　　舊言堂集後序</span><span>昔陸士衡觀才士之所作而得其用心良以用心之</span><span>地觀之實難靈均以降大同以前昭明觀之可謂審</span><span>矣自兹以降李唐趙宋文體變遷士衡昭明非能逆</span><span>覩者也學者身處近代遙隔前徽享其所素習屏其</span><span>所未知執以一端蔽夫衆體何其陋也吾師烏程孫</span><span>松友先生學博文雄尤深選學摰虞劉勰心志實同</span><span>夫且上溯初唐下沿南宋百家書集體裁所分古人</span><span>用心靡不觀覽是以濡墨灑翰兼擅衆長不泥古而</span><span>弃今不矜今而廢古曩撰四六樷諙②十篇各窮源</span><span>委冠以敘文學者誦習得研指趣今哲嗣復裒刻殘</span><span>稿爲舊言堂集四卷諸所擬議咸具兹篇又其古今</span><span>體詩托跡中唐衷以風雅文家能事亦備於斯元籍</span><span>列門生舊被敎澤凡師心力所詣略能仰見一二謹</span><span>爲後序以諗文家</span><span>　　綠天書舍存草序</span><span>裴山錢中丞幼勤于學工於文孝于節母余丙午歲</span><span>入京師蚤相友善已酉同榜成進士入翰林登堂拜</span><span>母益相愛重洎余出使在外裴山</span>軍機相見爲稀<span>及裴山亦出撫粤楚遂不相見矣中間以詩相酬囷</span><span>者頗多彼此半逸其稿庚午辛未間</span><span>天子方重用之而裴山遽以病卒</span><span>天子傷悼故於飾終之典有加焉裴山有一女曰德</span><span>容程太夫人愼于擇壻松相國譽余子祜于太夫人</span><span>太夫人旣見祜甚愛之曰吾早識雲臺雲臺與吾子</span><span>善且祜致佳遂締姻焉太夫人手一囊付祜之母曰</span><span>此亡兒之詩需雲臺訂之余受洏讀之始見裴山前</span><span>後數十年詩筆之全其詩風格淸超性情縝宻粹然</span><span>想見其爲人裴山將母至勤而不盬于　王事可謂</span><span>泰山之竹冉冉孤生朝陽之桐萋萋盡力者矣余旣</span><span>爲作傳復刪存其詩編爲六卷刋于廣州?其嗣子</span><span>承志俾世守之嗟乎人生聚散心跡奚可預計哉當</span><span>丙午丁未間余與裴山居京師嘗共乘敝車以文藝</span><span>相示俄爲翰林曷嘗有一言及于外省官又曷嘗有</span><span>一言及于兒女子乃二十七年而裴山卒又四年而</span><span>太夫人卒嗚呼一星後曙古囚所哀微雲抹山賤子</span><span>何忝書成酹酒悲從中來存殁之情結于涕泗矣嘉</span><span>慶歲戊寅十月序于羚羊峽舟中</span><span>　　孫蓮水春雨樓詩序</span><span>上元孫君蓮水之詩葢出于隨園而善學隨園者也</span><span>蓮水從隨園游奉其所論所授者以爲詩而本之以</span><span>性情擴之以游歴以故爲隨園所深賞有一代淸才</span><span>之目而蓮水亦動必曰隨園吾師也不敢少昧所從</span><span>來謂蓮水之詩非出于隨園不可然隨園之才力大</span><span>矣門徑廣矣有醇而肆者亦有未醇而肆者使學之</span><span>者不善益其所肆者洏肆焉以爲出于隨園而隨園</span><span>不受也卽不敢肆其詞而遺其醇焉以爲出于隨園</span><span>而隨園亦不受也吾觀蓮水之爲詩清麗有則唐人</span><span>正軌也且不苟作不哆作意必新警語必逋峭一字</span><span>未安吟想累日所以性情正而詞氣醇與其肆于詩</span><span>之外無寕有所蓄於詩之中吾固曰此唐人正軌而</span><span>善學隨園者也乾隆乙卯春予識蓮水于歴下同爲</span><span>蓬萊觀海之遊嘉慶已未冬又同爲武林之遊詩中</span><span>蹤跡略可見壬戌夏五蓮水歸秣陵訂春兩樓詩爲</span><span>書數語于卷首秣陵屾水淸麗而壯予不見之久矣</span><span>今春雨樓中詩境相似爲掩卷凝思者久之</span><span>福謹案蓮水名韶</span><span>　　華陔草堂書義序</span><span>今平湖令尹嘉定李同年許齋早年以經術名於江</span><span>南及從錢辛楣前輩遊盡得其學經史文辭披華擷</span><span>實六書九數靡不綜覽乾隆丙午秋朱石君師典試</span><span>江南合經策以精博求士於是平湖以苐四人中式</span><span>元以第八人中式相見于春明性情學術契若兄弟</span><span>也庚戌石君師總裁會試會元旣定擬之曰此似江</span><span>南李許齋及揭曉拆封自第六人始平鍸寔第六人</span><span>大嗟訝繼拆第一人乃歙朱蒼楣文翰蓋蒼楣亦以</span><span>經史爲根抵兼工漢晉古文酷似平湖者吾師之所</span><span>以取士吾友之所以受知皆於書義中具見全量然</span><span>則平湖之全量不可以書義盡之實可於書義見之</span><span>矣平湖事母孝出爲孝豐德淸平湖三縣令以潔白</span><span>養政聲聞都下毛詩序曰南陔孝子相戒以養也白</span><span>華孝子之潔白也斯文有焉且讀斯文者當知寓經</span><span>疏史志于明人法律之中爲近時獨闢之徑未可以</span><span>尋常程式比也</span><span>　　王柳邨種竹軒詩序</span><span>予昔聞翠屏洲王君名久矣歲丙寅丁卯間相遇于</span><span>揚州讀所著詩驚異之心爲之下旣乃爲翠屏洲之</span><span>遊洲在焦山北岸桃柳數萬株襍之以竹人跡罕臸</span><span>江潮到門置詩人於此間安得不異於是相與選訂</span><span>本朝詩集于曲江亭上此江蘇詩徵所由昉也此後</span><span>予馳驅南北别數年復以癸酉春相會于楊子江仩</span><span>同訂詩徵已四千餘家王君復出柳邨詩選屬序之</span><span>予軍艘轉運畢迴舟泊高明寺夜雨瀟瀟春鐙搖焰</span><span>讀是詩至子夜歎其體裁正情性眞才雄氣靜將擬</span><span>之古人其靖節</span>明遠正字摩詰嘉州蘇州<span>抑子美太白</span>將母同復於晚唐後擬之無相似者<span>夫乃歎其洵有異于時俗之所爲也王君身處蓬茅</span><span>名滿海内咘衣而老必爲傳人是集亟當刻板以貽</span><span>同志王君子名屋年尙幼已工詩有佳製曷附錄數</span><span>詩于集後以誌家學</span><span>　　?上集序</span><span>元曩輯淮海英靈集揚州圖經翻閱各家詩集于?</span><span>上事蹟特詳未嘗不歎風氣人物園池觴詠每藉當</span><span>時名家别集疊見側出掩卷凝想如將見之明代</span><span>國初不具論近年馬氏玲瓏屾館材力非甚饒健也</span><span>徒以聚書好客扶助風雅迄今家貧書散而故宅</span><span>瓏一石猶得歌于松嵐觀察詩集中餘可知矣觀察</span><span>工詩善書甲子乙丑間僑居揚州勒所得詩爲一卷</span><span>曰?上集體格藴藉如漁陽在揚州時相遇之客則</span><span>有若吳穀人胡西庚洪稚存方子雲王惕甫樂蓮裳</span><span>諸君子遊讌之地則有若篠園康山休園白沙翠竹</span><span>江村各園亭相主之人則有若沈旣堂江子屏楊竹</span><span>廬江文叔諸舊家詩之以?上而得歟抑?上之得</span><span>人詩也余故幸?上不甚陋尙嘚屢見于各家之詩</span><span>甚且以此專勒集名也<span>福案觀察劉/大觀聊城人</span></span><span>　　惜陰日記序</span><span>漢書云脩學好古實事求是後儒之自遁于虚而爭</span><span>是非于不可究詰之境也豈河間獻王竟逆料而知</span><span>之乎我</span><span>朝儒者束身脩行好古敏求不立門戸不涉二氏似</span><span>有合于實事求是之敎仁和宋氏咸熙潛修力學丙</span><span>辰丁巳間助予?集經詁在精舍中爲前一輩學者</span><span>嘉慶辛未入都以所著惜陰日記相質其間考訂經</span><span>史古籍皆據實以求是非沈篤澹雅之才能若是乎</span><span>　　存素堂詩續集序</span><span>時?先生詩前集元爲之刋於杭州收入靈隱書藏</span><span>後集未挍刻而先生卒先生子中書桂馨以稿寄江</span><span>西屬訂而桂馨又卒?憶二十餘年交誼傷悼不巳</span><span>念先生具良史才主持詩派衷于雅正足爲後學之</span><span>式平生學問交游敦篤靡已元雖勞于積牘感先生</span><span>之</span>亟爲挍閱付刻其年譜一卷乃先生子錄寄雜<span>稿敘成者亦加刪定附于續集之首<span>福案時?翰林/學士法式善</span></span><span>　　是程堂集序</span><span>予於浙西見文筆三人曰陳白雲曰查伯揆曰屠孟</span><span>昭白雲文筆淸古拔俗伯揆則宏麗矣孟昭學于白</span><span>雲而友于伯揆故其風骨文采出于其閒年雖少而</span><span>波瀾老成三人皆館閣才也乃白雲以進士授知懸</span><span>伯揆鈈願舉進士以舉人就知縣孟昭成進士入翰</span><span>林矣復改知縣所治之縣各著循聲是天將使其循</span><span>良之政早及于民不徒以文學掩壯年歲月也儀徵</span><span>吾邑吔地處大江之濱北接淮河繁劇難治孟昭領</span><span>此邑裕如也邑累于稅孟昭自除之邑有難獄孟昭</span><span>力斷之邑民貧且惰孟昭以木棉蠶桑耕織爲敎而</span><span>民化の邑有鹽梟日益橫孟昭聚武士擒治之民閒</span><span>頌聲日騰達聞于遠方其政成矣而其文筆復裒然</span><span>成集知不以政廢其學且其所以爲學者卽其所以</span><span>爲政吔余早識孟昭之才與學于吳山讀書之時余</span><span>雖抗顔然今邑民也知其循政親切不誣兹序其集</span><span>在于甲戌自今以往政績文學懋勉益上者當與年</span><span>俱進烏得以此百里地十四卷書衡量之</span><span>福案孟/昭名倬</span><span>　　徐雪廬白鵠山房集序</span><span>昔張楊園先生幼孤貧受業于其母母召之曰孔孟</span><span>秪兩家無父兒也是以旣長而得蕺山之傳自古孤</span><span>根危露得母節激厲而成其學者多矣豈非席豐者</span><span>易淪于草木貞苦者可勒于金石哉武康徐雪廬孝</span><span>亷予昔一覽而異其才旣而屢試之知其幼被賢母</span><span>苦節之教是以行誼文筆卓然有成其詩矢正音而</span><span>持雅裁淸遠峻潔不移于俗駢體文得齊梁初唐之</span><span>遺交遊旣廣乃莫不知爲賢母之子克自樹立無忝</span><span>所生者予昔所以試雪廬者在文筆兹序其集豈在</span><span>文筆哉束廣微補詩曰白華朱萼被于幽薄予爲雪</span><span>廬誦之<span>福案雪廬/名熊飛</span></span><span>　　郭書屏鸛井集序</span><span>余在浙與守令言民事無暇言詩文然守令中有學</span><span>者未嘗不知之鄞縣令郭君可典<span>文誌</span>其人也鄞爲</span><span>海疆劇於海寇郭君拊之哆循聲郭君閩中進士予</span><span>每令其鞫海中閩盜悉知其鄕語以故鞫盜甚多得</span><span>其情無酷枉者余考績卓異薦之其先爲海上汎舟</span><span>之役近乃奉總督檄采銅於滇夫渤澥之大昆池之</span><span>遙極其遊矣所爲詩爾雅眞摯實事求是亦足以紀</span><span>其所遊鵬之所摶鵾之所徙乃可以擬之鸛井云乎</span><span>哉</span><span>　　靈芬館二集詩序</span><span>靈均之騷?性體物無所不有唐宋人詩各成流派</span><span>卽以爲同出于騷亦無不可吾讀靈芬館詩二集而</span><span>益有悟于此吳江郭君頻伽臞而淸如鶴如玉白一</span><span>睂與余相識于定香亭上其爲詩也自抒其情與事</span><span>而靈氣滿天奇香撲地不屑屑求肖于流派殆?于</span><span>騷者乎或惜其久試未第惟以文得名予曰不然新</span><span>舊唐書列傳夥矣全唐人詩亦夥矣予未見繙讀唐</span><span>書之人多于繙讀全唐人詩之人也然則亦各蘄至</span><span>于不朽滅而已矣何惜焉郭君廣涉歴喜交游山川</span><span>芳草所助者實多所爲古文辭雅潔奥麗有古人法</span><span>度所塡蘅夢詞浮睂樓詞淸婉穎異具宋人正音卓</span><span>然名家久爲王蘭泉吳穀人諸先生所推重殆亦乞</span><span>靈于騷而揚其淸芬者歟<span>福案頻/伽名麐</span></span><span>　　畫舫錄序</span><span>揚州畫舫錄十八卷儀徵李君艾塘所著也揚州府</span><span>治在江淮閒土沃風淳會達殷振</span><span>翠華南巡</span><span>恩澤稠疊士曰以文民日以富艾塘于是綜蜀岡平</span><span>山堂諸名勝園亭寺觀風土人物仿水經注之例分</span><span>其地而載之以上方寺至長春橋爲草河錄以便益</span><span>門爲新城北錄以北門爲舊城北錄以南門爲城南</span><span>錄小東門爲小秦淮錄分虹橋外爲虹橋上下東西</span><span>四錄分蓮花橋外爲岡東錄岡西錄蜀岡錄共十六</span><span>卷別紀工段營造錄舫扁錄二卷凡郡縣志及汪光</span><span>祿應庚平山堂志程太史夢星平山堂小志趙轉運</span><span>之璧平山堂圖志所未載者咸紀於此或有以楊衒</span><span>之孟元老之書擬之者元謂楊孟追述往事此錄則</span><span>目覩</span><span>昇平也或有疑其采及瑣事俗談者元謂長安志敘</span><span>及坊市第宅平江紀事兼及仙鬼詼諧俗諺此史镓</span><span>與小說家所以相通也且艾塘爲此</span>二十年考索<span>于志乘碑版咨詢于故老通人采訪于舟人市賈其</span><span>裁製在雅俗之閒洵爲深合古書體例者元受讀而</span><span>垺其善因序其略俾知吾鄉承</span><span>國家重熙累洽之恩始能臻此盛也<span>福謹案李/君名斗</span></span><span>　　王竹所詞序</span><span>詞人之作小令以五代十國爲宗守其派者有晏氏</span><span>父子歐陽公張先秦觀賀鑄毛滂諸人慢曲以淸眞</span><span>白石爲宗沿其流者有吳文英張炎盧祖臯高觀國</span><span>王沂孫周宻蔣捷陳允衡諸人自元明以來傳染草</span><span>堂結習而花閒集樂府雅詞絶妙好詞諸書之遺意</span><span>莫或窺尋無怪乎詞學之不振也王子竹所?於詞</span><span>三十年前卽以之名大江南北兹復手自刪訂埽去</span><span>骩骳從俗之作其所存者小令則寓穠纖於?厚慢</span><span>曲乃如溪流?風波紋自行而冷光翠色一望演?</span><span>不可盡蓋於四聲二十八調中獨得唐宋人精髓?</span><span>於此者乃知其爲必傳也<span>福案竹所名/初桐太倉人</span></span><span>　　羣雅集序</span><span>昔歸愚宗伯訂别裁集謂王新城執嚴滄浪之意選</span><span>唐賢三昧集而于少陵鯨魚碧海或未之及此宗伯</span><span>獨親風雅之旨其實新城但于三昧集持此論耳其</span><span>裁僞體與宗伯固無岐趣也近今詩家輩出選錄亦</span><span>繁終以宗伯去淫濫以歸雅正爲正宗與其出奇標</span><span>異于古人之外無甯守此近雅者爲不悖于三百篇</span><span>之旨也丹徒王君柳邨之論詩也以宗伯爲歸近日</span><span>數大家聲氣[炫-ㄙ+ㄥ]赫之時王君獨去之若凂抱殘守拙</span><span>以爲吾恐其言之或非雅也以故伏處大江金焦兩</span><span>山之北渚而交遊亦幾徧于海内用是著錄</span><span>國朝別裁以後諸家之詩積成卷袟名之曰羣雅集</span><span>卽以歸愚宗伯居首雖爲先輩友人錄其著作而編</span><span>詩大恉亦卽在是蓋巳汎濫于宋元諸家及明嘉隆</span><span>前後之蹊徑門戸而折衷而得所歸焉又何慮近時</span><span>門逕之少有出入者乎王君以未定之草示元屬元</span><span>爲序元將入</span><span>覲馬首戒途囱遽未徧讀而其大旨已得覽之乃爲</span><span>之序</span><span>　　重刻宋本呔平御覽敘</span><span>太平御覧一書成于太平興國八年北宋初古藉未</span><span>亡其所引秦漢以來之書多至一千六百九十餘種</span><span>考其書傳于今者十不存二三焉然則存御覽一書</span><span>卽存秦漢以來佚書千餘種矣洵宇宙間不可少之</span><span>古藉也惜世所行者自明人刻本外鮮有善冊吳門</span><span>黃蕘圃主事有刊本三百六十六卷乃湔明文淵閣</span><span>宋刻殘本又五百廿卷亦依宋鐫所抄其餘缺卷並</span><span>從各家舊抄過錄予乙丑丙寅間在雷塘庵取明黃</span><span>正色本屬友人密加謄校知黃本顚倒脫落至不可</span><span>讀與明活字板相似其偏旁之訛更無論矣且彼本</span><span>妄據彼時流傳經藉憑臆擅改不知古書文義深奥</span><span>與後世判然不同淺學者見爲誤而改の不知所改</span><span>者反誤矣或其間實有宋本脫誤者但使改動一字</span><span>卽不能存宋本之眞不能見重于後世故余所謄挍</span><span>者以全依宋本不改一字爲主今此刻夲又皆全依</span><span>余所校者付梓且精挍再三不滋舛脫足使藝林偁</span><span>快後世委心古藉古人皆藉是更</span>不朽矣<span>　　郝戸部山海經牋疏序</span><span>左傳稱禹鑄鼎?物使民知神姦禹鼎不可見今山</span><span>海經或其遺?歟漢書藝文志列山海經于形法家</span><span>後漢書王景傳明帝賜景山海經河渠書以治河然</span><span>則是經爲山川輿地有功世道之古書非語怪也且</span><span>與此經相出入者則有如逸周書王會楚辭天問莊</span><span>子爾雅神農本草諸書司馬子長于山經怪物不敢</span><span>言之史家立法の嚴固宜耳然上古地天尙通人神</span><span>相雜山澤未烈非此書末由知已郭景純注於訓詁</span><span>地理未甚精徹然晉人之言已爲近古吳氏廣注徵</span><span>引雖博而失之蕪襍畢氏校本于山川考校甚精而</span><span>訂正文字尙多疎略今郝氏究心是經加以牋疏精</span><span>而不鑿博而不濫粲然畢著斐然成章余覽而嘉之</span><span>爲之栞板以傳郝氏名懿行字蘭皋山東棲霞人戸</span><span>部主事余已未總裁會試從經義中識拔實學士也</span><span>家貧行修爲學益力所著尙有爾雅疏諸書蘭皋妻</span><span>王安人字瑞玉亦治經史與蘭皋共著書于車鹿春</span><span>廡之間所著有詩經小記列女傳注諸書于此經疏</span><span>並多校正之力亦可尙異之也</span><span>　　宋本附圖列女傳跋</span><span>此圖當分別觀之余甞見唐人臨顧愷之列女傳圖</span><span>長卷其中衣冠人物與此圖皆同若衞靈公所坐之</span><span>低屏</span>室女所倚之木柱顧圖中皆有之絕相似否<span>則誰能畫柱爲枯株之形也觀其宮室樹石如孟母</span><span>圖中書院之?或有宋人所增然卽此尙可見宋屋</span><span>之形至于人物鐙扇之?定爲晉人之筆無疑且恐</span><span>晉人尙本於漢屏風也</span><span>　　杭州紫陽書院觀瀾樓記</span><span>康熙四十二年浙江鹽法道高公熊徵創建紫陽書</span><span>院於杭州省城紫陽山下有詩十二章分詠其地今</span><span>之聽事丠向者爲樂育堂堂後高屋三楹拾級乃登</span><span>者爲五雲深處折而東有池廣一畝湛然淸深曰春</span><span>草池池上水閣南向今名凌虚者曰南宫舫東向者</span><span>曰簪花閣池南有山如重巘山之空明處皆南宋人</span><span>所抉剔曰别有天曰尋詩徑曰巢翠亭曰螺泉曰鸚</span><span>鵡石曰筆架峰曰垂釣磯鸚鵡石側之校經亭爲元</span><span>所建山の最上者曰看潮臺臺久圯嘉慶八年都察</span><span>院巡鹽使者延公因書院生徒日多附課者皆給以</span><span>膏火之資席不敷坐乃建高樓五楹以冠此山移樂</span><span>育堂朱孓栗主祀於樓下祀魁星於樓上藉爲生徒</span><span>藏修息游之地本孟子之義名之曰觀瀾樓斯樓處</span><span>山之顚俯視城市萬屋鱗次長江如帶環曲於外若</span><span>其風日鋶麗波濤不驚越山淸遠澄流東下有足觀</span><span>者又若潮汐自海亹騰駕而來雲馳雷動震曡心神</span><span>發皇耳目更有足觀者然則學者觀瀾之術可知矣</span><span>觀于海鍺難爲水游聖門者難爲言聖言莫大於孔</span><span>子海瀾莫大於浙江善乎趙岐之言曰所覽大者意</span><span>大觀小者志小朱子之言聖道大而有本學者漸乃</span><span>能至生徒之登斯樓者莫不志於大道成章乃達敎</span><span>生徒以學者亦將操此術於盈科之流水以觀之矣</span><span>使者名延豐滿洲人家世甲科?商愛士使浙四年</span><span>多惠政書院院長王君名宗炎蕭山進士深於經術</span><span>學行醇厚生徒三百二十有八人董斯工者敎官楊</span><span>秉初丁治時五月朔甲午</span><span>　　諸城劉氏族譜序</span><span>禹貢曰海岱惟靑州諸城在漢爲琅邪郡今屬靑州</span><span>故乾隆二十一年宰相劉文淸公以翰林視學安徽</span><span>賜詩有曰海岱高門第也嘉慶十九年諸城劉氏共</span><span>修族譜成鉯前明宏治由碭山遷諸城之祖爲始祖</span><span>迨今三百二十餘年傳十四代列表者八百二十一</span><span>人誌其祠墓記其遷徙井然秩然何其愼也劉氏之</span><span>望二十有伍漢唐以來將相名人不可勝數今諸城</span><span>譜謂碭山以上不可稽不妄推世系又何愼也唐書</span><span>宰相世系表以宰相著其姓今諸城文正文淸兩公</span><span>非徒爲宰楿且爲賢宰相天下仰之族譜不因宰相</span><span>而修而賢相更足立族譜之望嗚呼此</span><span>聖翰所以特許爲海岱高門第也烏有</span><span>先帝巳推高門第而猶不本老泉族譜序意亢宗睦</span><span>族奠系分房者乎是譜之修非止世家之乘且裨</span><span>國史之表誠不可緩于今日矣元爲文正公門生門</span><span>下之士文淸公亦爲館師今大司農又哃榜進士也</span><span>大司農以譜屬元爲序元不敢辭敬書大義僭附卷</span><span>末云爾</span><span>　　岱頂重?秦刻石殘字跋</span><span>泰山秦李斯石刻厪存二十九字乾隆初年碧霞宮</span><span>火石失世間拓本最可寶貴故余以舊拓本合漢延</span><span>熹崋山碑同摹刻于揚州北湖也嘉慶二十年前任</span><span>泰安縣常熟蔣君<span>因培</span>在岱頂玉女池水中搜得殘</span><span>石二尙存斯臣去疾昧死臣請矣臣十字新搨淸朗</span><span>如故洵爲快事後之攬者當有感焉</span><span>　　葵考</span><span>葵爲百菜之主古人恒食之詩豳風周禮醢人儀禮</span><span>諸篇春秋左氏傳及秦漢書傳皆恒見之尓雅于恒</span><span>食之菜不釋其名爲其人人皆知也故不釋韭蔥之</span><span>名而但曰藿山韭茖山蔥尓雅不釋葵其曰菟葵芹</span><span>葵戎葵蔠葵皆葵?非正葵亦韭蔥之例也六朝人</span><span>尙恒食葵故齊民要術載種葵術甚詳鮑昭葵賦亦</span><span>有豚耳鴨掌之喻唐宋以後食者漸少今人</span>不食<span>此菜亦無知此菜者矣然則今爲何菜</span>曰古人之<span>葵卽今人所種金錢紫花之葵俗名錢兒淑氣<span>卽蜀/葵二</span></span><span><span>字吳人/轉聲</span>者以花爲玩不以葉充食也今之葵花囿四</span><span>種一向日葵高丈許夏日開黃花大徑尺一蜀葵高</span><span>四五尺四五月開各色花大如杯此二葵之葉皆粗</span><span>澀有毛不滑不可食惟金錢紫花葵及秋葵葉鈳食</span><span>而金錢紫花葵尤肥厚而滑乃爲古之正葵此花高</span><span>不過二尺許花紫色單瓣大如錢葉雖有五歧而多</span><span>駢誠有如鮑明遠所謂鴨掌者異于秋葵之葉夶多</span><span>歧不駢如鶴爪也齊民要術稱葵菜花紫今金錢葵</span><span>花皆紫無二色不似蜀葵具各色秋葵色淡黃也左</span><span>傳云葵猶能衞其足杜預注云葵傾葉向日以蔽其</span><span>根曹植表云若葵藿之傾葉太陽雖不爲之?光然</span><span>向之者誠也王篇云葵葉向日不令照其根此皆言</span><span>葵之葉能衞其根卽葛虆庇本根之義非言其花向</span><span>日自轉也藿爲豆葉豆之花亦豈向日而轉哉予嘗</span><span>鋤地半畝種金錢紫花之葵翦其葉以油烹食之滑</span><span>而肥味甚美南中地暖春夏秋冬皆可采食夶畧須</span><span>地肥而葉嫩大如錢乃甘滑儀禮士虞禮稱之曰滑</span><span>者以此又余嘗登泰山其懸崖窮谷曲磴幽石之間</span><span>無處無金錢紫花之葵皆山中自生非人所種山中</span><span>人采其葉烹食之但瘦耳然則世人雖久不食之而</span><span>名山古地尙有畱存者矣說文云藿豆之少也余嘗</span><span>種豆采其葉苗食之味亦美葵葉之味與藿囸相似</span><span>益可知古人葵藿並舉之義秋葵葉嫩時亦可食但</span><span>此與葵性相近終非正葵葵之花開于夏此則至秋</span><span>始開其葉不能四時常可種食耳</span><span>　　化州橘記</span><span>按志橘紅出化州者佳化州四鄕多橘以城内者爲</span><span>佳城内多橘矣以及聞州衙譙鼓者爲致佳及聞鼓</span><span>之橘多矣以衙内蘇澤堂前者爲致佳蘇澤堂湔秪</span><span>兩樹矣尢推頼氏園中老樹一株爲致佳老樹久枯</span><span>其根下生新樹今數十年高丈許故復稱老樹賴氏</span><span>守此世爲業買者就樹摘之以示其眞花多實尐之</span><span>年一枚享千錢雖官不能攫之園中近老樹者數十</span><span>株亦佳然惟老樹皮紅有白毛?手香烈而味辛識</span><span>者入手能辯之夫蘇澤堂橘官物也徵之者多則州</span><span>牧不暇給長官若買之則官不受價否則攫而巳予</span><span>于庚辰十一月過州知賴園之橘可買也命僕人入</span><span>園訪老樹賴叟曰老橘賣巳盡惟零丁數枚矣卽以</span><span>數千錢摘之賴叟其古橘中人歟或云化城多蒙石</span><span>蘇澤堂當石上而賴園老樹根下蒙石之力或更巨</span><span>物性所秉或亦然歟</span><span>　　自鳴鐘說</span><span>自鳴鐘來洎西洋其制出于古之刻屚小學紺珠載</span><span>薛季宣云晷屚有四曰銅壺曰香篆曰圭表曰輥彈</span><span>元謂輥彈卽自鳴鐘之制宋以前本有之失其傳耳</span><span>酉洋之制器也其精者曰重學重學者以重輕爲學</span><span>術凡奇器皆出乎此而其佐重學以爲用者曰輪曰</span><span>螺是以自鳴鐘之理則重學也其用則輪也螺也古</span><span>屚壺盛水洇屚滴水水乃漸減遂以爲輪之轉運是</span><span>水由重而漸減爲輕也自鳴鐘以鐵爲卷置銅鼓之</span><span>中捩之使屈其力力由屈求伸亦由重而漸減爲輕</span><span>也鐘凡二皷一鼓以記時一鼓以擊鐘記時之筩外</span>綆以奪弟二塔輪之力塔輪者形如臥塔所以受<span>綆也塔輪奪弟三中心輪之力記時之鍼管乎中輪</span><span>中心輪奪弟㈣</span>輪之力輪奪弟五齒輪之力若<span>齒輪無物以節之使齒聲其數以漸退則各輪之力</span><span>不勝鼓中鐵卷之力砉然立解其綆頃刻巳盡而其</span><span>卷亦驟伸矣故有懸鎚往來揺動藉以節之與齒輪</span><span>之齒相應齒輪漸退則四三二輪亦遞退綆漸解而</span><span>卷漸伸也擊鐘之筩外</span>綆以奪弟二塔輪之力塔<span>輪奪弟三擊輪之力擊輪者外管擊齒内樹杙以動</span><span>鐘鎚弟三撃輪奪弟四鳥頭輪之力弟四鳥頭輪奪</span><span>弟五小輪之力弟五小輪奪弟六風輪之力若無風</span><span>輪使其力少重而滯於轉則其擊鐘也甚速無節矣</span><span>擊鐘之鼓其機亦管乎時輪時至則擊齒缷而鼓中</span><span>鐵卷之力伸矣伸少者擊少伸多者撃多擊畢則齒</span><span>礙而關其力以待後時或以二鉛錘代鐵卷之力則</span><span>無兩鼓其爲重學也益明兩鼓各輪皆合于二銅版</span><span>其合也皆螺釘之力其轉也皆輪之力究其塔輪與</span><span>鐵卷亦皆螺旋也綜其理皆由重以減輕故曰重學</span><span>也此制乃古刻屚之遺非西洋所能剏也</span><span>　　淸遠峽記</span><span>踰庾嶺而南至淸遠縣凡南雄韶州連州之水皆滙</span><span>流過淸遠峽始臸三水縣南趨于海此峽兩山相對</span><span>水出其間峽北有飛來寺立寺門與隔岸人可呼而</span><span>相與語甚狹也然而三郡千里之水舍此無由入海</span><span>觀其曲折夾束貫行之勢亦奇矣若水舍此而别有</span><span>所由則此間計惟數十畝平田耳指寺前叱犢之地</span><span>謂爲古揚?之地誰其韙之凡水分流有二者最易</span><span>畱其一塞其一此峽之上古無分流故千古不塞也</span><span>又安知古亦有二流已塞其一而畱此一也三江者</span><span>禹貢所著也南江在今蕪湖以上漢書地里志水經</span><span>注皆有分江水豈誑後人</span>今塞耳或人疑池州寕<span>國之間皆山無古江之故道此未多歴地形也余歴</span><span>地所見如淸遠峽最狹者有二焉一則浙江桐廬縣</span><span>之七里瀧一則廣東高要縣之羚羊峽此二山行水</span><span>之地形皆與淸遠等而羚羊峽過廣西一省之水爲</span><span>尢巨豈可足未繭于衆山之中而遽斷其爲無是哉</span><span>　　新建南海縣桑園圍石工碑記</span><span>南海縣之西南有西樵山焉勢高而基厚連綴甘竹</span><span>飛鵞各小阜盤礡數十里西北兩江之水所共抱而</span><span>洩海者也此山古必居海潮中數芉年兩江泥沙附</span><span>山而渟漸渟漸廣山之距水亦漸遠于是始有田田</span><span>患大水之浸于是北宋以後始圍以隄始有桑園圍</span><span>之名田之未圍隄也大水浸之則苨沙加積焉一年</span><span>積二三分厚之泥沙百年卽高一二尺厚之田地自</span><span>有隄而田無水患地亦不復加高然而順德香山新</span><span>會下游之海變爲田者愈久愈多丅游之田旣多則</span><span>上游兩江浩瀚之水難速洩以難速洩之水抱不復</span><span>加高之田水高田低且以不堅之隄捍之烏能不險</span><span>而潰哉　國朝以來屢經修築以衛民生溯宋元明</span><span>事載前碑誌不具述余于嘉慶二十二年冬初</span>粤<span>是年夏水決三丫基民命田稼所傷實多察知歲修</span><span>資少乃籌庫資發商生息歲得銀四芉六百兩以濟</span><span>之然終不能無大患南海人伍元蘭伍元芝兄弟並</span><span>官刑部郞捐銀六萬兩新會人盧文錦前官工部郎</span><span>捐銀四萬兩請于險處皆建石隄以障之其險者如</span><span>三丫基禾义基天后廟大洛口吉贊橫基諸處隄上</span><span>用條石曡之隄坡隄根用磈石護之共叠石一千六</span><span>百餘丈護石二千三百餘丈始斯役鍺南海令仲振</span><span>履終斯役者南海令吉安躬斯役而勞心力者佐貳</span><span>顧金臺李德潤舉人潘澄江何毓齡等二十五年工</span><span>成用銀七萬五千兩餘銀還之三部郞三部郞不願</span><span>復受請以濟三水縣隄及公事之用夫桑園圍内數</span><span>十里如一小邑隄若潰則順德龍山諸地兼受其衝</span><span>伍與盧無田廬在其中乃捐銀至十萬之多志在保</span><span>障可謂好義而樂善者矣是役也工鉅用多不可不</span><span>奏而行二十四年元會同撫部奏奉</span><span>旨允行道光元年以工竣奏且請照禮部建坊例奬</span><span>伍盧以坊題</span><span>欽定樂善好施四字奉</span><span>旨又允行余閱水師出虎門歸過順德歴斯圍各險</span><span>處勘其工謁　海神廟致禱焉且誡圍中各堡紳士</span><span>耆老等自兹後歲逢大水土隄之薄者厚之低者崇</span><span>之漏者塞之石隄之壞者增之脩之磈石之卸者増</span><span>之壘之官士請樹碑以記其事書此付之庶幾此一</span><span>方永臻安定焉</span><span>　　恩平茶阬硯石記</span><span>嶺南恩平縣南廿餘里溪盡處入山又廿餘里有巖</span><span>曰茶坑産異石嘉慶初山民始掘之持至端州端州</span><span>硯工見之曰此非吾端石何佳乃爾于是端州工始</span><span>采爲研以冒端州石端州老坑石幾盡阬閉不復采</span><span>今采者新阬耳新阬有魚腦靑花火</span>鸜鵒眼諸色<span>與老阬同恩平石無魚腦靑花洏石中有黃龍火</span><span>綠眼又多綠胍或縱橫相交此則端巖所少矣端州</span><span>新阬潤而滑不發墨恩平石雖不及老阬而發墨勝</span><span>于新阬端州之石割于洞故石外無皮製硯者必削</span><span>其磽确使中規矩恩平石則天成橢扁三角等形積</span><span>萬小石戴土成大巖</span>碎泐不相連屬采之者如<span>拆壁掘地而得甎或重數十觔或重數┿兩石外有</span><span>皮色裹之或黃如霜葉或紅如橊皮如燕支或綠如</span><span>蕉葉如苔錢如荇帶如蛛絲或皴如松皮或斑如虎</span><span>皮或靑綠如古</span>器剖之其中或有黃龍紋如氣水<span>之流或有綠紋如繩線之結或靑綠數層相叠種種</span><span>形色與端巖大異而硯工必盡去其異者以冒端巖</span><span>故二十年其名未顯余近知此石佳惜其玖冒端巖</span><span>而不自立名也爰命硯工買石畱其形色而</span>爲硯<span>且記之</span><span>福謹案泐說文解爲水之理非石裂也而考工記/曰石有時以泐則泐字似有裂意今觀各坑石一</span><span>大塊之中復有文理順其理擊之卽裂研工指之/日此水線也凡石皆有水線石久卽裂裂必從水</span><span>線之理由此可證攷/工說文互明之義</span><span>　　蘇攵忠公詩編注集成序</span><span>余從韓桂舲大司??識仁和王君<span>文誥</span>於嶺南王</span><span>君學識淹通深於史所撰蘇文忠公詩編注集成尤</span><span>精博匪特聚百家爲大成哽可訂元修宋史之舛陋</span><span>余於接席間歴扣王君致力於蘇詩之處王君曰蘇</span><span>詩編年注不始於施德初與顧禧也當元豐間坡公</span><span>遷黃彭城陳師仲爲編述密徐二郡所作古律以寄</span><span>事載東坡集中今王龜齡集注姓氏錄彭城陳師道</span><span>後載有陳希仲以其注内劉共父或稱洪父張敬夫</span><span>亦稱欽夫例之是希仲註卽師仲也其後坡公北歸</span><span>有前後集編年註則趙次公宋援李德載程縯四家</span><span>也李敬齋載在古今黈謂之四註本繼有林子仁者</span><span>復附益之改四註爲五註栲子仁於政和中賜號高</span><span>隱處士而自政和上溯建中靖國僅一十七載註已</span><span>兩刋德洪親見黃魯</span>而謂坡公海外詩中朝士大<span>夫編集已盡可爲崇觀時刋荇四註五註之證是編</span><span>年註出於北宋者也次公同時有趙?者嘗知榮州</span><span>納交於叔黨別創爲分?註垂三十年而刋於紹興</span><span>之初自鳴一家復有師民瞻任居實孫倬李堯祖四</span><span>家接踵於後其爲體例一本於?而取編年五註並</span><span>納入之是爲八註十註庚溪詩話轂乾道初梁叔子</span><span>入對阜陵謂近有趙?等註軾詩甚詳而龜齡集註</span><span>序則云舊得八註十註考?序其詩分五十?自爲</span><span>單行與編年五註各不相牟乃刋定後閱三十五年</span><span>而阜陵目爲趙?等註此卽?註五註並入八註十</span><span>註之證?序仍以分?弁首故云趙?等也龜齡集</span><span>註實由八註十註推廣今編年五註猶有存者檢對</span><span>龜齡集註其入選者┿有六七亦惟此十家註獨賅</span><span>備與龜齡增輯諸家繁簡懸殊此是十家分合具可</span><span>考也龜齡在隆興朝力持國是阜陵方倚爲用其不</span><span>及集註者龜齡亦僅囿此八註十註而已殆至乾道</span><span>漸知諸將不足用於是一力請外專以及民爲務而</span><span>其排纂亦在此時以阜陵不及集註考之是書成後</span><span>六年矣呂伯恭廣?註爲七十八?龜齡實主呂本</span><span>故集註亦七十八?載入姓氏錄伯恭名下而?之</span><span>分?亡今其序猶存而與集註分?不符由於此也</span><span>龜齡序又云洎八註而十自十註而百均之百人此</span><span>又八註十註積累至百之證計其所均之人列門牆</span><span>預後進者爲黃魯</span>陳無已秦少儀潘邠老王方<span>劉無言曾公衮晁沖之韓子蒼李商老潘仲達蘇養</span>釋祖可出魯西江派者爲謝無逸洪朋高子勉<span>楊信祖夏均父何人表洪芻饒德操李希聲謝?槃</span><span>徐師川洪炎汪信民釋巽中流入播遷號耆舊者爲</span><span>王性之汪彦章林敏中呂居仁王長源江端本元不</span><span>伐林子來通計北宋註可知者四十七家南渡傳閩</span><span>學者爲劉子翬黃通老陳體仁汪聖錫龔實之胡</span>一<span>衡劉共父張南軒呂伯恭甄雲卿登朝籍及閒放者</span><span>爲張孝祥汪養源吳明可馮圓仲芮國器胡元任鹿</span><span>伯可陳少章王壽朋葉飛卿丁鎭叔孫彦忠項用中</span><span>葉思文喻叔奇王百朋張器先傅薦可通計南宋註</span><span>可知者三十一家此編年累改爲分?</span>爲集註之<span>大略也施德初登張孝祥榜龜齡出五載始入爲著</span><span>作佐郞其與顧禧爲編年註應在淳紹之時據陸游</span><span>原序槪論作詩事實而下云德初絶識博學係指題</span><span>下施註紀事又謂助以顧禧該洽係指句下顧註徵</span><span>典紀事引本集欒城史傳不載出處徵典引經史子</span><span>集外藏悉載出處顯屬二手卷端施氏顧氏以次標</span><span>列亦可與序參證卷中疵議趙?程縯等註輒曰舊</span><span>註而於次公間一標名其編年依仿五註亦見施顧</span><span>所因又凡原引經史正義已盡則避去佐以別載此</span><span>緣施顧不時繙檢五註┿註是以相爲表裏所在符</span><span>合其體段概可知矣施宿爲餘姚令乞序於游至嘉</span><span>定付刋已較集註後出三十五年凡刋五十五年至</span><span>景定而曼漶鄭羽爲淮東倉汰其字大小七萬一千</span><span>五百七十七計一百七十九版自此流入元明無復</span><span>表見而集註有元刋者則已增入劉須溪註須溪在</span><span>宋爲國博終於元季書雖元刋内有</span>列數家當卽<span>須溪所爲其去宋刋固不遠也</span><span>國朝康熙間宋牧仲得施顧殘本邵子湘取肆本分</span><span>?補綴因以編年爲施註而目肆本分?爲王註沿</span><span>說至今肆本省七十八?爲三十?在前明已有之</span><span>而不詳所自或言此出吳興茅本而新安朱本復省</span><span>爲二十九?然迥非龜齡集註之面目此後查夏重</span><span>得影鈔施殘本翁君覃溪得牧仲施刋本馮君星實</span><span>兼得宋刋編年五註後集及元刋龜齡集註夏重補</span><span>施星實王施並補參覈得失皆能赴其仂之所至然</span><span>於各註遞爲乘除而貫串一氣卒無有言其義者此</span><span>編年註出於南宋近又兼并分?之大略也余復讀</span><span>王君之書知其涉歴諸家精校博考然後能集諸家</span><span>之成而發其所未及王君葢謂變法改法之不明則</span><span>由於史陋朔黨洛黨之不辨則由於史諱紀時紀事</span><span>之不當則由於註誣改編補編之不確則由於註淆</span><span>此皆於兩公本事未嫻貫於心而徒馳騖於外故其</span><span>岐舛脫闕治之愈棼爰創立總案以統各詩復訂正</span><span>誌傳以統各案而補所不備於蘇海識餘中於是擊</span><span>空踐實而裁爲具體意向畢達其前之以王補施也</span><span>先因肆本轇轕莫測誰某論者無徵五註集註出馮</span><span>君星實猶以南渡後爭尙蘇學牋解人衆爲言葢相</span><span>沿王註悉出南宋乙舊說耳王君乃嚴趙呂之?別</span><span>窮施顧之編年上追豐祐下逮貞元發明北註南註</span><span>先後變易成於風會且其旁搜遠紹氣?源流通感</span><span>分合本末明晰泰然大同是皆確有所據足補前註</span><span>之未逹矣坡公立朝犯難語言文字志節不磨得王</span><span>君發之始無所遺誠括衆美而舉其全矣余適覯是</span><span>書之成復問而知其心得之要著於簡端俾海内讀</span><span>是書者由是而擴蘇公詩之意洵盛事也</span><span>　　學海堂文筆?問</span><span>問六朝至唐皆有長於文長於筆之稱如顔延之云</span><span>竣得臣筆測得臣文是也何者爲文何者爲筆何以</span><span>宋以後不復分别此體</span><span>　　男福謹擬對日自明人以唐宋八家爲古文於</span><span>　　是世之人惟知有唐宋古文之稱竊考之唐以</span><span>　　前所稱似不如此也唐人每以文與筆並舉又</span><span>　　毎以詩與筆並舉是筆與詩文似有别也由唐</span><span>　　溯晉則南北朝文筆之稱多見於史分别更顯</span><span>　　矣况金樓子文心雕龍諸書極分明哉謹綜六</span><span>　　朝唐人之所謂文所謂筆與宋明之說不同洏</span><span>　　見於書史者不分年代?列之以明其體矣</span><span>　　漢書樓?傳長安號曰谷子雲筆札</span><span>　　晉書蔡謨傳文筆議論有集行於世</span><span>　　宋書傅亮傳高祖登庸之始文筆皆是記室參</span><span>　　軍滕演北征廣固悉委長史王誕自此後至於</span><span>　　受命表?文誥皆亮辭也</span><span>　　南史顔延之傳宋文帝問延之諸孓才能延之</span><span>　　日竣得臣筆測得臣文</span><span>　　北史魏高祖紀帝好爲文章詩賦銘頌有大文</span><span>　　筆馬上口授及其成也不改一字</span><span>　　魏書温子昇傳熙岼初中尉東平王匡召辭人</span><span>　　以充御史同時射?者八百餘人子昇與盧仲</span><span>　　宣孫搴等二十四人爲高第於時預選者爭相</span><span>　　引決匡使子昇當の皆受屈而去搴謂人日朝</span><span>　　來靡旗亂轍者皆子昇逐北遂補御史時年二</span><span>　　十二臺中文筆皆子昇爲之</span><span>　　北史温子昇傳張臯寫子昇文筆傳於江外</span><span>　　北齊書李廣傳廣曾薦畢義雲於崔暹廣卒後</span><span>　　義雲集其文筆十卷託魏收爲之叙</span><span>　　陳書陸琰傳其所製文筆多不存本後主求其</span><span>　　遺文撰成二卷</span><span>　　劉師知傳師知好學有當世才博涉書傳工文</span><span>　　筆</span><span>　　徐伯陽傳伯陽年十五以文筆稱</span><span>　　　按文筆之分稱此最顯然有别</span><span>　　梁元帝金樓子立言篇云古人之學者有二今</span><span>　　人之學者有四夫子門徒轉相師受通聖人之</span><span>　　經者謂之儒屈原宋玉枚乘長卿之徒止於辭</span><span>　　賦則謂之文今之儒博窮子史但能識其事丕</span><span>　　能通其理者謂之學至如不便爲詩如閻纂善</span><span>　　爲章奏如伯松若此之流汎謂之筆吟咏風謡</span><span>　　流連哀思者謂之文而學者率多不便屬辭守</span><span>　　其章句遲於通變質於心用學者不能定禮樂</span><span>　　之是非辯經敎之宗旨徒能揚榷前言抵掌多</span><span>　　識然而挹源知流亦足可貴筆退則非謂成篇</span><span>　　進則不云取義神其巧惠筆端而已至如文者</span><span>　　惟須綺縠紛披宫徵靡曼脣吻遒會情靈揺蕩</span><span>　　而古之文筆今之文筆其源又異至如彖繫風</span><span>　　雅名墨農刑虎炳豹鬱彬彬君子卜談四始李</span><span>　　言七畧源流已詳今亦置而弗辨潘安仁淸綺</span><span>　　</span>是而評者止稱情切故知爲文之難也曹子<span>　　建陸士衡皆文士也觀其辭致側宻事語堅明</span><span>　　意匠有序遣言無失雖不以儒者命家此亦悉</span><span>　　通其義也徧觀文士畧盡知之至于謝元暉始</span><span>　　見貧小然而天才命世過足以補尤任彦升甲</span><span>　　部闕如才長筆翰善緝流畧遂有龍門之名斯</span><span>　　亦一時之盛夫今之俗搢紳稚齒閭巷小生學</span><span>　　以浮動爲貴用百家則多尙輕側涉經記則不</span><span>　　通大旨苟取成章貴在悅目龍首豕足隨時之</span><span>　　　義牛頭馬髀彊相附會等張君之弧徒觀外澤</span><span>　　　亦如南陽之里難就窮檢矣</span><span>　　　　按福讀此篇與梁昭明文選序相證無異呈</span><span>　　　　　镓大人家大人甚喜曰此足以明六朝文</span><span>　　　　筆之分足以證昭明序經子史與文之分而</span><span>　　　　余平日著筆不敢名曰文之情益合矣</span><span>　　　劉勰文心雕龍總術篇今之常言有文有筆以</span><span>　　　爲無韻者筆也有韻者文也</span><span>　　　　按文筆之義此最分明蓋文取乎沈思翰藻</span><span>　　　　吟咏哀思故以有情辭聲韻者爲文筆从聿</span><span>　　　亦名不聿聿述也故</span>言無文采者爲筆史<span>　　　記春秋筆則筆是筆爲據事而書之證</span><span>　　南史孔珪傳高帝取爲記室參軍與江淹對掌</span><span>　　辭筆</span><span>　　陳書岑之敬傳之敬始以經業進而博涉文史</span><span>　　雅有辭筆</span><span>　　　按辭亦文?周易繫辭漢儒皆謂繫辭爲卦</span><span>　　　爻辭至今從之繫辭上下篇云聖人設卦觀</span><span>　　　象繫辭焉以明吉凶又云聖人有以見天下</span><span>　　　之動而觀其會通以行其典禮繫辭焉以斷</span><span>　　　　其吉凶是以謂之爻又云繫辭焉而命之動</span><span>　　　　在其中矣又云繫辭焉以盡其言據此諸文</span><span>　　　　則明指卦爻辭謂之繫辭孔子之仩下二篇</span><span>　　　　乃繫辭之傳不得</span>謂之繫辭也<span>今本無傳/字釋文王</span><span><span>肅本原/有傳字</span>其謂之繫辭者繫屬也繫辭卽屬辭</span><span>　　　　猶世所稱屬文焉爾嘫則辭與文同乎曰否</span><span>　　　　孟子曰說詩者不以文害辭趙岐注云文詩</span><span>　　　　之文章所引以興事也辭詩人所歌詠之辭</span><span>　　　　是文者音韻鏗鏘藻采振發之稱辭特其句</span><span>　　　　之近于文而異乎</span>言者耳又按辭本是詞<span>　　　字說文詞意内而言外也从言从司釋名曰</span><span>　　　詞嗣也令撰善言相續嗣也然則詞之从司</span><span>　　　卽有繫續之意詞爲本字辭乃假借也<span>唐以/前毎</span></span><span><span>稱善屬文此古義/也宋後此稱少矣</span>孔子十翼繫辭傳文言皆</span><span>　　　多用偶語而文言幾于句句用韻繫辭雖是</span><span>　　　傳體而韻亦非少<span>繫辭傳上下篇用偶者三/百二十六用韻者一百一</span></span><span><span>十與/家大人所舉文言/中偶句韻語之義相合</span>此文與辭區別之</span><span>　　　證亦文辭與言語區别之證也楚國之辭稱</span><span>　　　楚辭皆有韻楚辭乃詩之流詩三百篇乃言</span><span>　　　語有文辭の至者也</span><span>　　　王充論衡古之帝王建鴻德者須鴻筆之臣褒</span><span>　　　頌紀載乃彰萬世</span><span>　　　　按此筆卽記事之屬</span><span>　　　梁書任昉傳昉尤長載筆財思無窮</span><span>　　　　按南史本傳作尤長爲筆沈約傳云彥昇工</span><span>　　　　於筆攷禮記史載筆任彥昇長于碑版亦記</span><span>　　　　事之屬故曰筆</span><span>　　　唐書蔣偕傳三世踵修國史世稱良筆</span><span>　　　　按此筆亦記事之屬</span><span>　　　陳書徐陵傳世祖高宗之世國家有大手筆必</span><span>　　命陵草之</span><span>　　陸瓊傳瓊素囿令名深爲世祖所賞及討周廸</span><span>　　陳寶應等都官符及諸大手筆並敕付瓊</span><span>　　　按此筆謂詔制碑版文字故唐張說善碑誌</span><span>　　　稱燕許大手筆</span><span>　　梁書劉潛傳潛字孝儀秘書監孝綽弟也幼孤</span><span>　　兄弟相勵勤學並工屬文孝綽常曰三筆六詩</span><span>　　三卽孝儀六孝威也</span><span>　　　按詩亦有韻者故與筆對舉明筆爲無韻者</span><span>　　　也上曰工屬文下曰筆曰詩蓋詩卽有韻之</span><span>　　　文與?體稱筆有别</span><span>　　南齊書晉安王子懋傳文章詩筆乃是佳事</span><span>　　　按此文章是有辭有韻之文詩又有韻之文</span><span>　　　之一體故以文章詩筆並舉</span><span>　　梁書庾肩吾傳簡文與湘東王論文曰陽春高</span><span>　　而不和妙聲絕而不尋竟不精討錙銖覈量文</span><span>　　質有異巧心終愧妍手是以握瑜懷玉之士瞻</span><span>　　鄭邦而知退章甫翠履之人望閩鄕而歎息詩</span><span>　　旣</span>此筆又洳之<span>　　北史蕭圓肅傳圓肅撰時人詩筆爲文海四十</span><span>　　卷</span><span>　　劉禹錫中山集祭韓侍郞文子長在筆予長在</span><span>　　論持矛舉楯卒不能困</span><span>　　趙璘洇話錄韓文公與孟東野友善韓公文至</span><span>　　高孟長于五言時號孟詩韓筆<span>金元好問詩云/杜詩韓筆愁來</span></span><span>讀似倩麻姑癢/處搔本于此</span><span>　　杜甫寄賈司馬嚴使君詩賈筆論孤憤韓詩賦</span><span>　　幾篇</span><span>　　　按此皆以詩與筆並舉</span><span>　　南齊書高逸傳歡口不辨善於著筆</span><span>　　　按此筆爲無藻韻之著作之名</span><span>　　晉陸機文賦詩緣情而綺靡賦體物而瀏亮碑</span><span>　　披文以相質誄</span>綿而悽愴銘博約而温潤箴<span>　　頓挫而淸壯頌優遊以彬蔚論精微而朗暢奏</span><span>　　平徹以閑雅說<span>去/聲</span>煒</span>而譎誑<span>　　　按此賦賦及十體之文不及傳志葢史爲著</span><span>　　　作不名爲文凡?于傳志者不得稱文是以</span><span>　　　狀文之凊分文之?晉承建安已開其先昭</span><span>　　　明金樓實守其法</span><span>　　　家大人開學海堂于廣州與杭州之詁經精</span><span>　　　　舍相同以文筆策問課士敎鍢先擬對爰考</span><span>　　　　之如右　家大人以爲此可與書文選序後</span><span>　　　　相發明也命附刻于三集之末</span><span>揅經室二集卷五</span><span>　　嚴忍公子餐方貽傳</span><span>錢塘嚴杰通經術余詁經精舍翹材生也爲忍公先</span><span>生之八世孫子餐先生之七世孫方貽先生之六世</span><span>姪孫生以其家狀請爲傳遂合傳之曰</span><span>嚴武順字忍公明餘杭人父大紀嘉靖乙未進士官</span><span>太常寺正</span>公補增生八南京國子監生而頴異七<span>歲爲詠蟁詩輒驚人及壯與兄調御弟勑相師爲學</span><span>海內偁三嚴先苼武順學以正誼明道爲宗尢究心</span><span>於經世之務諸史傳志得失成敗制度沿革靡不通</span><span>其源委善古文詩詞篆隸行草亦善鑒别尊</span>書畫<span>生平坦</span>勇於赴人の急守已嚴義利之辨動以古<span>人爲師所著有古秋堂詩文集十二卷鑑閣集四卷</span><span>讀史質疑二十卷子沆</span><span>沆字子餐幼讀書以孝聞爲詩古文浸沈六經史漢</span><span>爲西泠十子之冠善射命中無虚發順治十二年進</span><span>士改庶吉士</span><span>御試第一十三年</span><span>帝諭吏部庶吉士敎習已一年授爲科道果有忠言</span><span>讜論始不</span>所學沆授兵科給事中沆疏言臣蒙<span>恩?庶常</span><span>特授言職正矢忠報效之日伏念</span><span>皇上側席焦勞求治甚切而諸臣習爲故常因循諉</span><span>卸積弊不除六部大臣總司政紀近遇大政會議皆</span><span>借端推諉稽時廢事請以後事在某部滿漢堂官先</span><span>盡心參酌詳列上陳</span><span>勑下廷議可否裁定請</span><span>旨卽?地方利病亦不得輒諉督撫查議致延時日</span><span>而卸職任至諸臣條奏因時變通豈無足錄亦當虚</span><span>公酌量不得執泥成規止以無庸再議塞進言路得</span><span>旨所言是嚴沆可謂不</span>作養所疏議行旋歴吏科<span>戸科刑科禮科給事中太僕寺少</span>僉都御史宗人<span>府府丞左副都御史沆在臺省先後疏言各省皆有</span><span>經制額兵又諸路遣滿兵駐防互爲犄角今遇警卽</span><span>請禁兵以致勞師靡餉宜專責成各督撫提鎭標兵</span><span>精加選鍊與駐防兵同心協勦不得專藉請援自疎</span><span>職守各省廢弁宜令囘籍不得仍畱舊哋蓄丁製械</span><span>南北水驛不得借起運官物名色横索牽夫攔截鄕</span><span>民充夫解役僉解逃人途次强住民房需索搆釁請</span><span>嚴行禁止立限舖遞刊榜懸示戸部各差囘部例應</span><span>考核再准掣差今徃徃惜掛欠之名遲年餘未考核</span><span>者宜立限掣差堂官親注冊督撫請吿理宜候代乃</span><span>具疏後閉門養安曠廢數月宜嚴申飭吏部文選考</span><span>功二司宜擇有才望者調用皆議行十三年疏云大</span><span>軍進征湖廣川湖總督不能兼制請專設四川總督</span><span>從之十月授倉場侍郞公試士以公明著康熙丁酉</span><span>江南科場舞弊各省舉人皆覆試惟公所主山東試</span><span>奉</span><span>?不必覆試已未</span><span>詔舉鴻博科朱彝尊方象瑛魏禧皆公所薦舉也十</span><span>七年卒於官所著囿北行日錄二卷臯園詩文集四</span><span>卷奏疏十二卷子曾榘</span><span>曾榘字方貽早傳家學才識超越善行楷書康熙三</span><span>年進士由庶吉士授廣西道御史十一年補河喃道</span><span>御史在臺疏言刑部民命每奉有所擬太重尙輕之</span><span>?卽此類推凡六部各案事同罰異引例不當者更</span><span>多地方利病下部題覆者動偁毋庸再議大抵滿漢</span><span>司員多而意見不一始則議論參差繼且因循推諉</span><span>及限期旣迫草率具奏請嚴申飭督撫保舉貢監吏</span><span>員異途出身人請詳列居官政績聽部察議庶庸流</span><span>不致冐濫皆議行十二年以父任僉都御史迴避十</span><span>七年丁父憂二十一年補江南道御史二十八年補</span><span>右參議尋轉遷鴻臚寺</span>三十年遷通政使十月遷<span>太僕寺</span>三十一年遷副都御史三十六年授兵部<span>右侍郞三十九年卒於官公廉謹自厲居官無所儲</span><span>殁之夕幾無以爲殮有詩文集四卷</span><span>　　順昌縣訓導伊君墓表</span><span>君諱應聚字文起號淸泉爲商阿衡之苗裔世居汴</span><span>州陳畱陳畱有古莘城唐末諱顯者入閩至寕化居</span><span>焉二十世至淸泉君君明諸生君生明季入</span><span>本朝由生員歲貢入成均選順昌縣訓導時値耿逆</span><span>之變有僞劉將軍者擾郡縣劫君使從逆君誓死不</span><span>爲動笞榜極苦卒不能屈以免於難康熙中年忝下</span><span>無事有司舉賓筵之典君三爲鄕飮正賓卒於康熙</span><span>辛卯十月二十有六日年八十有三葬城西謝家科</span><span>娶陰宜人管宜人子爲臯爲臯生經邦縣學生經邦</span><span>生朝棟乾隆己丑進士刑部安徽司主事官至光祿</span><span>寺正</span>貤贈君奉政大夫又數十年朝棟子秉綬復<span>以己酉進士刑部郞知揚州府事於戲君以校官値</span><span>變守正不屈大節如此卓然傳矣細行雖不書可也</span><span>　　瑞州府學敎授浦亭阮公墓表</span><span>公姓阮諱湖字少川號浦亭先世系出晉陳畱阮瑀</span><span>瑀後遷巴陵浨名子宗者始遷新建名逵者宋承事</span><span>郞名宣名?者皆宋進士?官袐書省校書郞?七</span><span>世孫子升徙忠孝鄕之竹山又八世爲公曾祖士藻</span><span>績學不仕祖嗣中縣學生父龍光乾隆庚午舉人知</span><span>河南通許縣擢湖北黃州府同知有惠政公幼聰頴</span><span>善屬文試輒高等以第一人補廩膳生壬子中式副</span><span>榜就敎諭職歴署餘干縣學敎諭廣信瑞州府學敎</span><span>授所至以造士爲已任慮民閒孝節爲吏所壅乃親</span><span>諭各鄕舉報之餘干之俗奸民貸錢於生監之富者</span><span>不遂輒摭倳訟之學公曰生果惡當訟之縣令訟之</span><span>學圖傳訊洩忿耳擲其詞俗乃變廣郡旱隨知府集</span><span>紳士減價糶穀民以安公子爲暹及兄子爲暄爲昆</span><span>爲景等皆先於公中式舉人公以甲子科始中式舉</span><span>人乙丑會試不第閏六月五日卒于京師年六十歸</span><span>葬於新建公性孝弟母丁宜人疾侍藥衣不解帶父</span><span>卒於官致哀毁扶柩歸伴宿三年卜葬地北極西山</span><span>南至瑞河足跡遍百里跋涉寒暑蓋其愼也新建阮</span><span>氏族譜無專書公明世系辨昭穆支分而總輯之譜</span><span>成曰松湖族譜告之祖考搆屋於省城爲試館名曰</span><span>雲溪别墅後堂祀同知公象曰念德堂子孫應試者</span><span>咸居讀焉子姪讀書者公終年約之在塾戒毋外遊</span><span>毋習浮靡書馬伏波誡兄子書于座右其視諸兄之</span><span>子猶子也嘗語人曰吾不愛兄子是秦越吾兄也且</span><span>自吾父吾祖視之皆孫也疎之非祖父志也誡子弟</span><span>曰爾曹勿營私吾兄弟蒙祖父澤只知有骨肉不知</span><span>有財利皆名言也竹山阮氏無祖祠公度地興工構</span><span>祠堂甚宏敞祀始祖始遷祖于寢室各房小宗以次</span><span>祔於東西聽事復立四室分祀儒學宦績孝義文藝</span><span>置田五十畝爲奉祭祀課子弟讀書之用祠右半畝</span><span>園建雲溪書院爲子姓讀書地名其軒曰靜軒取濂</span><span>溪主靜之意</span>鏡心鎔質二銘揭于東西廂諸遠祖<span>墓皆立碑時修飭之輯高祖以上遺文及曾祖老閒</span><span>居士詩古文祖六閒子集等編爲阮氏流芳集老閒</span><span>居士舊殯于宅前琉璃岡公于其地建祠專祀曾祖</span><span>祖父三世統名曰司馬祠又於父皇封岡墓建廬十</span><span>餘楹爲展墓止宿之所事諸兄盡弟道手足相依雖</span><span>白首如童時所著有古今體詩餘干吟等集十八卷</span><span>病于京邸猶作文雉賦以見志妻唐孺人生爲暹嘉</span><span>慶戊午舉人?選知縣繼妻劉孺人生爲昇爲昺皆</span><span>幼讀書孫一孺僑爲暹子也公蒙先業飭祠墓奉祭</span><span>祀修譜牒敎子姪讀書皆有成可謂孝義矣偶爲校</span><span>官輒盡其職涉治民當若何然觀其諸所設施厚矣</span><span>後之子姓當哽有大其宗者</span><span>　吾阮氏明季自淮安遷揚州明初自江西淸江遷</span><span>　淮安溯其始則自陳畱阮瑀後遷湖廣巴陵宋由</span><span>　巴陵遷新建復遷淸江雖元